小词详解 | rebuke
rebuke 英 [rɪˈbjuːk] 美 [rɪˈbjuːk]
CET6 TOEFL SAT TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
In any case, a fear of rebuke is not enough.
无论如何，仅靠害怕被训斥是不够的。
——《经济学人》In a surprising and embarrassing rebuke to the Justice Department, a federal judge rejected the government's antitrust settlement with Microsoft, the world's largest computer-software company.
一名联邦法官对司法部作出了一份令该部意外又难堪的谴责性判决，判决中驳回了政府与世界最大电脑软件公司微软的反托拉斯协议。
——《时代周刊》
基本释义
[verb] express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behavior or actions
[动词] 对（某人）的行为或行动表示尖锐的反对或批评
深入解读
Rebuke 一词于14世纪初由英国法语 rebuker （击退）进入英语后，即用来表示“指责、斥责、批评、训斥”，常用被动语态作正式用语使用，主要指对某人的错误行为或行动表示尖锐的反对或批评，特别是上级对下级进行的公开、严正而不宽容的责备，隐含一定权威意味，比如：
我因为迟到而遭到经理的训斥。但那个马屁精没有。
I was rebuked by my manager for being late. But the toady didn't.总统谴责参众两院没有在100天之内通过那些法案。
The president rebuked the House and Senate for not passing those bills within 100 days.
等到了15世纪初， rebuke 也开始用作名词表示“指责、斥责、批评、训斥”，比如：
她的尖刻批评使他哑口无言。
He was silenced by her smart rebuke.
名著用例
When we went in, and I had removed her bonnet and coat, I took her on my knee; kept her there an hour, allowing her to prattle as she liked: not rebuking even some little freedoms and trivialities into which she was apt to stray when much noticed, and which betrayed in her a superficiality of character, inherited probably from her mother, hardly congenial to an English mind.
我们进屋以后，我脱下了她的帽子和外衣，把她放在自己的膝头上，坐了一个小时，允许她随心所欲地唠叨个不停，即使有点放肆和轻浮，也不加指责。别人一多去注意她，她就容易犯这个毛病，暴露出她性格上的浅薄。这种浅薄同普通英国头脑几乎格格不入，很可能是从她母亲那儿遗传来的。
出自英国女作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Brontë）创作的具有自传色彩的长篇小说《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）。
同近义词
reprimand: rebuke (someone), especially officially
reproach: address (someone) in such a way as to express disapproval or disappointment
reprove: reprimand or censure (someone)
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